through Robust Design and Test
This new 3-day course, currently available to teach on-site, provides a complete overview of the reliability growth process associated with robust design and test techniques. It defines the basic concepts of reliability growth and illustrates how these concepts can be most effectively applied using a variety of design and test methods. Topics covered include reliability growth management, reliability growth through design (FMEA/FMECA, FTA, Reliability Physics/Physics of Failure, Accelerated Life Testing, and Orthogonal Defect Classification for Software) and reliability growth through test (FRACAS; reliability planning, tracking and projection models). The course also provides unique and innovative approaches that measure, quantify and improve the effectiveness of Design for Reliability (DFR) activities.
Click here to learn more about this course.
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Contains the following Articles:
To view previous RIAC Journals click here |
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In the recent history of engineering, extensive efforts have been placed on developing approaches to predict the reliability and expected life of mechanical parts and systems. While the available work is extensive, it often focuses upon narrow aspects or single approaches to reliability modeling. As such, it is difficult for an engineer with little or no experience in reliability to apply these methods to real-life situations. This document is specifically targeted to address this problem, outlining the competing approaches to part reliabiltiy predictions, including Statistical Analysis of relevent failure data, Physics of Failure modeling, Empirical Failure Models and Data, and other less common but acceptable methods. Furthermore, the document also describes the mechanical reliability process, including the role of these predictions and other necessary testing and analyses, for the production of reliable mechanical systems. |
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RIAC News and Events | |
Hardcopy is now Available!Reliability Engineers are required to combine a practical understanding of material science and engineering with statistics. The reliability engineer’s understanding of statistics is focused on the practical application of a wide variety of accepted statistical methods. Most reliability texts provide only a basic introduction to probability distributions or only provide a detailed reference to few distributions. Detailed statistician texts provide theoretical detail which is outside the scope of likely reliability engineering tasks. As such, the objective of this book is to provide a single reference text of closed-form probability formulas and approximations used in reliability engineering. This book, developed by the University of Maryland Center for Risk and Reliability, published by the RIAC, and used as a supplemental reference book in courses offered by the University of Maryland, provides details on 22 probability distributions. Each distribution section provides a graphical visualization and formulas for distribution parameters, along with distribution formulas. Common statistics such as moments and percentile formulas are followed by likelihood functions and, in many cases, the derivation of maximum likelihood estimates. Bayesian non-informative and conjugate priors are provided, followed by a discussion on the distribution characteristics and applications in reliability engineering. Each section is concluded with online and hardcopy references which can provide further information, followed by the relationship to other distributions. |
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| RIAC News and Events | |
SUMMARYThe U.S. Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity (AMSAA) published the new MIL-HDBK-189C, “Reliability Growth Management,” which is critical for implementing the new Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) and Army reliability policies. BACKGROUND Reliability growth management procedures have been developed to improve the reliability of Department of Defense (DoD) weapon systems. Reliability growth techniques enable acquisition personnel to plan, evaluate and control the reliability of a system during its development stage. The reliability growth concepts and methodologies have evolved over the last few decades by actual applications to military systems. Through these applications, reliability growth management technology has been developed to the point where considerable payoffs in system reliability improvement and cost reduction can be achieved. WHAT'S NEW Reliability growth encompasses 3 areas: planning (prior to test data), tracking (using test data), and projection (using test data and applying fix effectiveness factors). Thirty years of lessons learned has culminated in the recent development of several models in each of these areas. Collectively these reliability growth models are referred to as the AMSAA Visual Growth Suite and are available free of charge to US government personnel and their supporting contractors. One of the most significant models to note is the Planning Model Based on Projection Methodology (PM2). It develops a system-level reliability growth planning curve that incorporates the developmental test schedule and corrective action strategy. Benefits include risk reduction, construction of feasible reliability test programs, and bridging the gap between engineering efforts and program constraints with the overall reliability program. CONCLUSION AMSAA published MIL-HDBK-189C, “Reliability Growth Management,” in June 2011 to reflect recent development of reliability growth concepts and methodologies based on applications to military systems. Comments from Reliability Subject Matter Experts within the Army, Navy and Air Force were incorporated. The updated handbook supports new OSD and Army reliability policies and was posted to the Acquisition Streamlining and Standardization Information System (ASSIST) database for use by all of DoD. BIOGRAPHY Lisa I. Carroll Operations Research Analyst, AMSAA ATTN: AMSRD-AMS-LR 392 Hopkins Road APG, MD 21005-5071 USA Lisa Carroll is a member of the Reliability Analysis Team at the U.S. Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity. She earned her bachelor’s degree in Mathematics at Albright College in Pennsylvania and her master’s degree in Statistics at the University of Delaware. |
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The objective of this report is to highlight the impact of long-term aging effects on parts, assemblies and equipments by investigating characteristics of aging as they impact specific material classes. The report is broken down into the following sections:
Currently, the Electronic PDF version is available for download ($40 USD). The hardcopy version will be available within the next few weeks. |
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| RIAC News and Events | |
Directive-Type Memorandum (DTM) 11-003, "Reliability Analysis, Planning, Tracking, and Reporting" was issued March 21, 2011, and is consistent with the direction of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics to immediately enhance reliability in the acquisition process, and with recent Secretary of Defense direction to improve the efficiency of the Defense acquisition system. It (a) amplifies procedures contained in DoDI 5000.02 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System,” dated December 8, 2008, (b) is designed to improve reliability analysis, planning, tracking, and reporting, (c) institutionalizes reliability planning methods and reporting requirements timed to key acquisition activities to monitor reliability growth, (d) is effective upon its publication to the DoD Issuances Website and (e) shall be incorporated into DoDI 5000.02. The DTM expires effective November 23, 2011. |
Due to a Printer error, the hardcopy of the 2Q 2010 RIAC Journal contains an error in Table 2 of the article "Using Availability Analysis to Reduce Total Cost of Ownership" by Mr. Bill Lycette of Agilent Technologies. The PDF version of the article is correct, and can be downloaded here. The RIAC apologizes to our readers for any inconvenience that this may cause, and we are working with the Printer to resolve the error in the hardcopy of the Journal. |
HARDCOPY NOW AVAILABLE
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Few engineering techniques have caused as much controversy in the last several decades as the topic of reliability prediction. One of the primary reasons for this is the stochastic nature of reliability. Whereas many engineering disciplines are governed by deterministic processes, reliability is governed by a complex interaction of stochastic processes. As a result, the metrics of interest in other engineering disciplines are generally much more quantifiable by their very nature. While there is always a stochastic element in any engineering model, the topic of reliability quantification must address its extreme stochastic nature. The intent of this book is to provide guidance on reliability modeling techniques that can be used to quantify the reliability of a product or system. In this context, reliability modeling is the process of constructing a mathematical model that is used to estimate the reliability characteristics of an item. This book reviews possible approaches, summarizes their advantages and disadvantages, and provides guidance on selecting an appropriate methodology based on specific goals and constraints. |
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| RIAC News and Events | |
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The U.S. Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity (AMSAA) has recently developed a set of Reliability Growth tools and a Reliability Program Scorecard. The tools are available at no charge for US government personnel and government contractors. The reliability growth tools are the latest evolution of the AMSAA reliability growth suite and include the new PM2 reliability growth planning model. The reliability growth planning, tracking, and projection models are easy to use and help the user by performing multiple data checks. The AMSAA reliability scorecard can be applied to assess a system's reliability program. The reliability scorecard provides a quantitative risk score and identifies strengths and weaknesses across eight categories and 40 elements. If you are interested in obtaining the reliability growth models and the reliability scorecard, please click on the link below and enter the requested information. |
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Download The AMSAA Reliability Growth Tools and Scorecard Request Form
RIAC News and Events | |
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In June 2007, the U.S. Department of the Navy, Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) asked the Bureau of Industry and Security's (BIS) Office of Technology Evaluation (OTE) to conduct a defense industrial base assessment of counterfeit electronics. NAVAIR suspected that an increasing number of counterfeit/defective electronics were infiltrating the DoD supply chain and affecting weapon system reliability. This study provides (1) statistics on the extent of the infiltration of counterfeits into U.S. defense and industrial supply chains, (2) an understanding of industry and government practices that contribute to the problem, and (3) identification of best practices and recommendations for handling and preventing counterfeit electronics. |
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| RIAC News and Events | |
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On 24 November 2009, the new Director, Operational Test and Evaluation (DOT&E), Dr. J. Michael Gilmour, issued a 5-page Memorandum that outlined his expectation that each individual in DOT&E will work to provide rigorous, objective, and clear information supporting the following initiatives:
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| RIAC News and Events | |
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The Office of the Secretary of Defense and the Joint Staff collaborated on the Reliability, Availability, Maintainability-Cost (RAM-C) Report Manual to assist combat developers, project managers, and engineers to design RAM into systems early in a program. The manual supports life cycle implementation of the Sustainment metric, for which the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) issued new guidance in May 2007. The Sustainment metric consists of an Availability Key Performance Parameter (KPP) and two supporting Key Systems Attributes (KSAs): Reliability and Ownership Cost. The CJCS guidance requires programs under development to create a balance between RAM performance in the field and the related costs of providing that performance - a distinct paradigm shift within the acquisition community that, once fully implemented, should result in improved value for major acquisition programs. |
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| RIAC News and Events | |
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“Too often COTS which do not meet the application requirements are used. This leads to higher than anticipated failure rates and poor system mission reliability. Program managers must ensure that COTS components are able to operate satisfactorily in military mission environments. Two excellent detailed guidance manuals for the use of COTS items are:
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RIAC News and Events | |
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The purpose of the DoD Defense Acquisition Guidebook is to provide members of the DoD Acquisition Community and its industry partners with a reference to DoD policy and discretionary best practice. The RIAC has enhanced the November 2006 PDF Version of the Guidebook, currently available from the Defense Acquisition University (DAU) website, by adding a comprehensive bookmarked outline to aid in navigation. The RIAC-enhanced version can be downloaded from here. The enhanced version retains all of the hyperlinks incorporated into the DAU PDF versions. It should be noted that, effective 8 December 2008, a new DoD Instruction 5000.02 was issued that cancels DoD Instruction 5000.2, dated 12 May 2003. The Defense Acquisition Guidebook is currently in revision to reflect the new DoDI 5000.02. For the interim, all links in the Guidebook to the cancelled DoDI 5000.2 are redirected to the PDF Version of the DoDI 5000.02. Upon its release, the revised Guidebook will include updated links to the correct sections and specific pages of the new DoDI 5000.02. When the revised Guidebook is released, RIAC will make it available for download. |
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| RIAC News and Events | |
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The Defense Science Board (DSB) Task Force was asked to assess, from a Test and Evaluation (T&E) perspective, OSD organizational roles and responsibilities; policy and practices in oversight of acquisition programs; assess changes required to establish statutory authority for OSD DT&E oversight; and assess Initial Operational Test and Evaluation (IOT&E) failures due to lack of Operational Suitability. The Final Report provides finding and recommendations addressing broader programmatic issues stemming from systemic changes to the acquisition process. The report also presents findings and recommendations on program structure, requirements definition, contractual performance requirements, alignment of DoD terminology with systems engineering procedures, Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) products, and Systems of Systems (SoS). The RIAC "Selection of Equipment to Leverage Commercial Technology" (SELECT) work was cited as 'excellent detailed guidance' for the use of COTS items. |
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| RIAC News and Events | |
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System Interoperability - The RIAC Guide
In this Guidebook, the interoperability of military command, control and communication (C3) systems and data networks are investigated to provide a better understanding of the standards, implementation, acquisition and operation of interoperable systems. |
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The 217Plus Component Models Spreadsheet is available to simplify implementing the 217Plus Models, either as a standalone product or bundled with the 217Plus Process Grade Factor Spreadsheet. Two articles provided with the DEMO download present an overview of the 217Plus™ methodology, so that the user can better understand the spreadsheet tool capabilities prior to purchase. |
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REPERTOIRE at the RIAC
REPERTOIRE, the 5 module set of reliability training courses is now available through the RIAC either on-line or on DVD. Note: REPERTOIRE on DVD does not contain the on-line quizzes that are in the web-based version. Please try our REPERTOIRE DEMO. |
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Introduction to Maintainability Engineering
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RIAC's new Introduction to Maintainability Engineering course covers basic concepts, definitions, elements of a comprehensive maintainability program, mathematical foundations, maintainability design and verification approaches.
On-Line training lets you learn at your own pace, anywhere, anytime, and save lots of money on travel expenses | |
| View the Demos Demos are cutout sections of the actual course | Links: |
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The Reliability Information Analysis Center (RIAC) is the Department of Defense (DoD) chartered Center of Excellence in the fields of Reliability, Maintainability, Quality, Supportability, and Interoperability. |
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RIAC's new Introduction to Maintainability Engineering course covers basic concepts, definitions, elements of a comprehensive maintainability program, mathematical foundations, maintainability design and verification approaches.